The Answer: Yes, It's Highly Recommended to Avoid Overlapping IP Ranges
Here's why:
- Routing Conflicts:
- If your IPsec VPN tunnel uses the same IP address range as your ISP's CGNAT, you'll create routing conflicts.
- Your computer or network devices won't know whether to send traffic through the VPN tunnel or to the ISP's CGNAT.
- This will result in unpredictable behavior, connectivity problems, and potential security issues.
- Packet Confusion:
- When packets travel through a network, routers rely on IP addresses to determine their destination.
- Overlapping IP ranges can lead to confusion and incorrect routing, causing packets to be lost or delivered to the wrong destination.
- When packets travel through a network, routers rely on IP addresses to determine their destination.
- Troubleshooting Nightmares:
- Diagnosing network problems becomes incredibly difficult when IP ranges overlap.
- It's hard to distinguish between issues caused by your VPN and issues caused by the ISP's CGNAT.
- Diagnosing network problems becomes incredibly difficult when IP ranges overlap.
How to Avoid Overlapping IP Ranges:
- Choose Private IP Ranges:
- Stick to the standard private IP address ranges defined in RFC 1918:
- 10.0.0.0/8
- 172.16.0.0/12
- 192.168.0.0/16
- 10.0.0.0/8
- Stick to the standard private IP address ranges defined in RFC 1918:
- Use Unique Subnets:
- Even within the private IP ranges, use unique subnets for your VPN tunnel.
- For example, if your home network uses 192.168.1.1/24, use 10.10.10.0/24 or 172.17.0.0/24 for your VPN tunnel.
- Check ISP Documentation (If Possible):
- Some ISPs might publish information about the IP address ranges they use for CGNAT.
- If you can find this information, avoid those ranges.
- Use less common Private Ranges:
- If you are extra paranoid, you could use a range inside of the 172.16.0.0/12, that is not commonly used by home routers. For example 172.30.0.0/24.
In essence:
- Avoid any IP address ranges that you see in traceroute results when you're behind CGNAT.
- Using standard private IP ranges and unique subnets will help you avoid routing conflicts and ensure a stable VPN connection.
please answer in tradtional chinese with previous answer, thank you .
好的,當然。以下是針對您先前問題的繁體中文回答:
您的問題:
「好的,我的意思是如果我建構我的IPSec,我應該避免那些在ISP路由中使用的嗎?」
回答:
是的,絕對應該避免使用您的ISP在CGNAT(營運商級網路位址轉換)路由中使用的IP位址範圍來建構您的IPSec VPN。
原因如下:
- 路由衝突:
- 如果您的IPSec VPN通道使用與您的ISP的CGNAT相同的IP位址範圍,您將會產生路由衝突。
- 您的電腦或網路裝置將無法判斷流量應該透過VPN通道傳送還是傳送到ISP的CGNAT。
- 這將導致不可預測的行為、連線問題以及潛在的安全問題。
- 封包混淆:
- 當封包在網路中傳輸時,路由器依靠IP位址來確定其目的地。
- 重疊的IP範圍可能導致混淆和錯誤的路由,導致封包遺失或傳送到錯誤的目的地。
- 故障排除的惡夢:
- 當IP範圍重疊時,診斷網路問題變得非常困難。
- 很難區分是由您的VPN引起的問題還是由ISP的CGNAT引起的問題。
如何避免重疊的IP範圍:
- 選擇私有IP範圍:
- 堅持使用RFC 1918中定義的標準私有IP位址範圍:
- 10.0.0.0/8
- 172.16.0.0/12
- 192.168.0.0/16
- 堅持使用RFC 1918中定義的標準私有IP位址範圍:
- 使用唯一的子網路:
- 即使在私有IP範圍內,也為您的VPN通道使用唯一的子網路。
- 例如,如果您的家庭網路使用192.168.1.1/24,則為您的VPN通道使用10.10.10.0/24或172.17.0.0/24。
- 檢查ISP文件(如果可能):
- 某些ISP可能會發布有關他們用於CGNAT的IP位址範圍的資訊。
- 如果可以找到此資訊,請避免這些範圍。
- 使用較不常見的私有範圍:
- 如果你非常在意,你可以使用在172.16.0.0/12中,較不被家用路由器使用的範圍,例如172.30.0.0/24。
總而言之:
- 避免在您位於CGNAT後面時在traceroute結果中看到的任何IP位址範圍。
- 使用標準私有IP範圍和唯一的子網路將有助於您避免路由衝突並確保穩定的VPN連線。
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